Safety standards

Redditch-based Rapid Energy Ltd has been ranked 6th in the top 100 fastest-growing, founder-led private companies by FEBE (For Entrepreneurs, By Entrepreneurs) in their Growth 100 2024. Rapid Energy is a provider in the UK HVAC hire sector, specializing in temporary packaged boiler plant rooms. 'Exceptional' status With a nationwide operation, Rapid Energy is dedicated to delivering exceptional customer service, which is reflected in its 'Exceptional' status on Feefo.  The company prides itself on its strong customer-centric ethos and approach. CEO's comment Commenting on the announcement, Julien Fougere, CEO at Rapid Energy said, “We’re immensely proud of this achievement and want to express our heartfelt gratitude to our incredible team. Every member of Rapid Energy has played a crucial role in our journey to this point. Your hard work, creativity, and dedication have been the driving forces behind our success." “We also extend our thanks to our clients, partners, and suppliers who trust us and believe in our vision. Your support and collaboration have been instrumental in our growth.” FEBE Growth 100 To be included in the FEBE Growth 100, companies must have been trading for at least three years, have achieved sales between £3m and £200m, made an operating profit in the latest financial year, and still have their founders involved in the business. John Maffioli, FEBE co-founder, said, "This list reveals the fastest-growing founder-led companies in the UK. The FEBE Growth 100 is where you'll find some of the country’s most talented entrepreneurs and most exciting companies."

As the industrial refrigeration industry embarks toward digital transformation, Danfoss introduces the new ICAD B, taking motorized valve control and connectivity to a new level. Engineered for a wide range of applications, its well-known actuator ICAD takes a big step toward digital integration, enhanced user experience, and higher reliability.  The ICAD B reduces complexity and increases connectivity, enabling professionals to see industrial refrigeration in a new light. Dedicated to easy set-up, trouble-free operations, and real-time monitoring, the new actuator eases workflows while the wireless interface offers remote control and adjustment, eliminating the need to climb the valve. And because it is fully backward-compatible, the ICAD B seamlessly replaces the current ICAD A. Benefits of the ICAD B To meet all operational needs, the ICAD B is available in a series of four variants: RS485 with display, Ethernet with display, RS485 w/o display, and Ethernet w/o display.  Overall features and benefits of the ICAD B include:  Quick set-up function to save time.  Smartphone app control via Bluetooth.  Easy operation with the larger display and intuitive, descriptive menu.  Self-diagnostics and remote monitoring, ensuring no downtime.   Multiple interfaces for easier set-up and adjustment of parameters.  Enhanced operating logic designed for outstanding reliability on the most challenging conditions.  Real-time monitoring and control via data communication.  New mounting design for easier mounting.  Forward compatibility with software-based updates providing the latest features and functionalities.  Extensive testing and validation in laboratory and field test conditions to ensure trouble-free operation.  Introduction of the ICAD B “For decades, Danfoss has offered superior solutions for industrial refrigeration,” said Joseph Miller, sales director of industrial refrigeration at Danfoss. “And now, with the introduction of the ICAD B, we enable next-level connectivity adding value for our customers with the user-friendly interface, outstanding reliability and full integration to control systems.” 

250 local schoolchildren have pledged to write to their local Member of Parliament about climate change, having been inspired by guest speaker, Chris Packham, at this year’s Suffolk Youth Climate Conference. The event, held on the 3 July 2024 at Suffolk One Sixth Form College, was organized by the Suffolk Climate Change Partnership. It is just one way that the partnership is engaging with schools, charities, and community groups to bring about positive change, not just for the environment, but also for the health and wellbeing of Suffolk residents. Improve the natural environment Chris Packham’s talk looked at the power young people have to shape the future Speakers such as Chris Packham, Lord Deben, Kids Against Plastic and Scarlett Westbrook inspired the students with messages of urgency and hope. Chris Packham’s talk looked at the power young people have to shape the future. A range of workshops allowed the children to discuss topics such as electric vehicles, nature-based solutions, the global food system, coastal adaptation, plastic pollution, flood and water management, sustainable fashion and climate anxiety.  Students also had the opportunity to engage with 30 charities and organizations, that are all working to improve the natural environment in Suffolk. Suffolk’s carbon emissions Emma Dixon, Suffolk Climate Change Partnership Manager, said: "The Suffolk Youth Climate Conference empowers young people in Suffolk to join us in the fight against climate change. The Suffolk Public Sector Pioneers welcome any opportunity to bring communities together to share knowledge and tools as we collectively work to reduce Suffolk’s carbon emissions and protect our natural environment." She adds, "All students in attendance will leave with the tools to express their views and concerns about climate change in their area to their local MP." Coalition of initiatives Chris Packham, Broadcaster, Environmental Activist and Animal Welfare Campaigner, said: "Suffolk has put together a bold coalition of initiatives to address climate breakdown. Wise, because this beautiful and biodiverse county is also a fragile environment which will need to embrace a brave and rapid transition to a lovable future." He adds, "Hope for me lies in the young, so it is critical that we do not just listen to their needs and ideas, but give them an active role in shaping their future, not a token seat at the table - but the pioneering voice." Inherited a climate challenge Zoe, a Teacher at Stour Valley Community School who attended, said: "We had an amazing time today. My students were buzzing with ideas and really fired up with challenging our Strategic Leadership Team to implement real change at school." Jake Robson, Sixth Form Principal at One Sixth Form College, said: "Such a stimulating and important event for young people in Suffolk. Their generation has undoubtedly inherited a climate challenge, but it was abundantly clear that their presence today signaled they are ready to rise to it, transform attitudes, and bring about change."

Kensa’s ‘game-changing’ compact Ground Source Heat Pump, the Shoebox NX, which was designed to deliver Networked Heat Pumps to the mass market, has become the latest award-winning product from Kensa after it was named Product Innovation of the Year at the 2024 Unlock Net Zero Awards. heat pump innovation Launched in February this year, Kensa’s Shoebox NX is five times more efficient than a gas boiler and is the latest small heat pump innovation from the Cornwall-based ground source heat pump manufacturer and solutions provider. It stood out against other innovative nominated products from across the housing sector, impressing the Unlock Net Zero Awards judges.  NX was designed with Kensa’s low-cost, low-carbon networked heat pump approach in mind Small enough to fit in a cupboard and capable of heating anything from a high-rise flat to a five-bed home, the NX was designed with Kensa’s low-cost, low-carbon networked heat pump approach in mind. This system replicates the gas network model to present a viable mass-scale solution to decarbonize heat for over 60% of UK homes. Networked heat pumps Commenting on their decision, the Unlock Net Zero Awards judges said: “Kensa’s Shoebox NX ground source heat pump is a highly innovative product that addresses multiple challenges facing the UK housing sector, from energy efficiency and decarbonization to fuel poverty and climate resilience. A comprehensive approach to solving complex energy and environmental issues.” Networked heat pumps consist of ground source heat pumps installed inside individual properties, whether flats, terraced streets, or new-build homes, connected to a shared network of hidden underground pipework. This provides each property with low-cost, renewable heating, hot water, and cooling. Kensa’s compact ground source heat pumps Notable installations include 273 high-rise social housing flats in Thurrock, Essex The networked heat pump solution, using Kensa’s compact ground source heat pumps, is already providing affordable renewable heating for thousands of properties across the UK. Notable installations include 273 high-rise social housing flats in Thurrock, Essex, and the world’s first in-road retrofit project in Stithians, Cornwall, which saw a mix of existing private and social homes within a local community connected to the renewable heat source. Earlier this month, Kensa announced it was partnering with the UK’s largest installer and operator of last mile multi-utility networks, GTC, to supply tens of thousands of newly built properties a year with renewable heating via networked heat pumps. New properties connected to this solution will be fitted with Shoebox NX or Kensa’s other compact ground source heat pump, the original Kensa Shoebox. Social housing heat decarbonization projects This announcement follows Kensa receiving £70m in investment from Legal & General and Octopus Energy to scale up ground source heat pumps in the UK. Backed by its investors, Kensa expects to ramp up heat pump production to 70,000 a year by the end of the decade, creating over 7,000 green UK manufacturing jobs in the process. Kensa expects to ramp up heat pump production to 70,000 a year by the end of the decade The Unlock Net Zero judges also gave highly commended recognition to two Kensa Contracting social housing heat decarbonization projects. These included the project for Thurrock Council, entered in the Green Homes Upgrade of the Year – Central & East England category, and a project for Gravesham Borough Council, entered in the Green Homes Upgrade of the Year – London & South category. Ground Source Heat Pump technology Speaking at the NX launch in February, Kensa CEO - Tamsin Lishman, said: “This is a game-changing heat pump designed for the UK. Until now, achieving mass heat pump rollout has been a complex challenge, but with the launch of our Shoebox NX, we’ve engineered a small, high-performance heat pump that’s ready to replace gas as the main home heating choice." Tamsin Lishman adds, “When combined with our Networked Heat Pump solution, it unlocks cosy homes in the winter and cooler homes in the summer for almost anyone, and at low costs to the consumer. For 25 years Kensa has been pioneering Ground Source Heat Pump technology, and with the Shoebox NX we’re ready to deliver heat pumps for everyone, cut household carbon emissions and make green home heating a reality.” Shoebox NX facts and figures Small and compact, but packs the power and efficiency of large heat pumps - making the most efficient and lowest carbon form of heating accessible to properties with limited space. High efficiency, low electricity usage, and low maintenance deliver long-term cost savings for consumers compared to air-source heat pumps. Is five times more efficient than a gas boiler - Coefficient of Performance of 4.36 (gas boilers typically operate at 0.9). Has an A+++ energy efficiency rating and a 25-year life expectancy. Can heat water to over 60°C without the need for an immersion heater. Can provide passive cooling to cool homes during the summer at a much lower cost than air-conditioning. Designed to work in flats, apartments, terraced houses, tenements and newly built properties.

CAREL has published a new white paper entitled "Energy Saving in Adiabatic Humidification: Principles, Applications, and Benefits". In a rapidly evolving technological landscape, adiabatic humidification continues to establish itself as a key solution for industries seeking efficiency and sustainability. This white paper explores the potential of adiabatic humidification, a process that adds moisture to the air without the need for external heat sources. Through a comprehensive examination of its principles, applications, and benefits, the document illustrates how adiabatic systems not only optimize indoor air quality conditions but also promote energy savings, reduce operational costs, and meet the sustainability criteria required by current regulations. Benefits of adiabatic humidification The white paper first introduces the fundamentals of adiabatic humidification, explaining what it is and how it works. It then analyses various types of adiabatic humidifiers, including pressurized water humidifiers, ultrasonic humidifiers, compressed air humidifiers, and centrifugal humidifiers, comparing them with traditional isothermal humidifiers. A particular focus is dedicated to comparing the energy and water use of these systems, highlighting the significant benefits of adiabatic humidification. White paper first raises the fundamentals of adiabatic humidification, explaining what it is and how it works The document also delves into specific applications of this technology in data centers, where efficient humidity control can lead to substantial energy consumption reductions. Through practical examples, it show total utility cost savings, total energy use, cooling energy savings, and water use. Additionally, the document presents the reduced need for humidification and heating energy, demonstrating how adiabatic humidification can contribute to more efficient and sustainable operations. Innovative and sustainable solutions "In our ongoing quest for innovative and sustainable solutions, our decades-long expertise in adiabatic humidification remains a constant reference point," said Stefano Ruzzon, Group Head of Sales and Marketing, Humidification Division. "This white paper provides a comprehensive guide to understanding how this technology can be effectively applied across various sectors, enhancing the efficiency of air quality improvement systems and contributing to a more sustainable future."

The American Gas Association (AGA), a national organization of which Ameren Corporation is a member, recently honored three Ameren employees for using customer gas usage data to proactively identify natural gas leaks at customers' residences. Ameren's Jeff Berry, Scott Lithgow, and Scott Hixson created a process to pull natural gas usage data from a customer's advanced meter and flag usage patterns indicative of a potential natural gas leak. In its first year of implementation, 93 gas leaks were identified before the customers noticed and reported it to the utility. Ameren contacted each customer and performed a leak investigation prior to crews arriving to make any necessary repairs. Integrated network system "Our customers know the importance of calling us if they smell gas in and around the home," said Eric Kozak, vice president of Natural Gas Operations for Ameren Illinois. "This project demonstrated that we could leverage advanced metering data for early detection and do even more to ensure customer safety. Congratulations to Jeff Berry, Scott Hixson and Scott Lithgow for this well-deserved honor." Ameren has installed 1.2 million electric and more than 800,000 natural gas smart devices Advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) is an integrated network system that enables a two-way flow of information between utilities and customers. Ameren has installed 1.2 million electric and more than 800,000 natural gas smart devices at customer premises since 2014. Natural gas smart devices The Ameren team focused on developing parameters for: Using existing AMI data to develop an algorithm that detects irregular natural gas usage. Evaluating irregularities and dispatch field responders. Responding to customer premises and conducting investigations of natural gas facilities unreported or unprompted by the customer. Reporting investigation results and overall status of the initiative to stakeholders. In presenting the Ameren team with its award for research and innovation, AGA leaders noted that the process the team developed is scalable across the natural gas utility sector. The company also noted that the same process identified 55 water leaks at customer homes.

By now, most of the HVACR industry is familiar with the HFC phasedown portion of the U.S. EPA American Innovation and Manufacturing (AIM) Act that was signed in 2020 and finalized in 2021. The first phasedowns started Jan. 1, 2020, with a 10% reduction in HFC refrigerant production, importation, and consumption, and was followed by an additional 30% reduction that began Jan. 1, 2024. As these regulations work to achieve a total 85% HFC phasedown from historic baseline levels by 2036, Technology transition rules will start to impact the industry as early as Jan. 1, 2025. Technology Transitions Often referred to as “sector controls,” Technology Transitions are the second of three main sections of the AIM Act. They focus on limiting the use of HFC refrigerants and supporting A2L adoption by calling for global warming potential (GWP) limits for refrigerants based on specific applications, including refrigeration, air conditioning, heat pumps, and more.  three new-generation refrigerants Three new-generation refrigerants help create a clear path to making refrigerant transitions that comply with the rules Although the Technology Transitions program is rather complex (providing rules for which refrigerants or GWP limits apply for which applications and when) focusing on just three new-generation refrigerants helps create a clear path to making refrigerant transitions that comply with the rules and support more sustainable operations. While several new refrigerants have been developed recently, many of the HVACR industry’s applications and equipment can be covered by focusing on these three refrigerants: R-454A, R-454B, and R-454C.   R-454A (AR4 GWP = 239)   Developed to replace legacy refrigerants such as R-404A, R-454A is an HFO blend offering zero ozone depletion potential (ODP) and a GWP of 239, lower than R-404A’s GWP of 3,920. R-454A is classified as a mildly flammable, low-toxicity A2L, suitable for low- and medium-temperature commercial refrigeration applications. The AIM Act Technology Transitions set a maximum GWP of 300 for several types of systems with charge limits up to 200 lbs., such as remote condensing units for food retail walk-ins and cascade systems. These systems are ideal for R-454A, given the refrigerant’s improved performance and reduced GWP compared with R-404A.  R-454B (AR4 GWP = 467)  Regarding refrigerants of the future at work today, R-454B is likely the one you’ve heard the most about. Establishing itself as the predominant replacement for R-410A in new air conditioners and chillers, R-454B started being used earlier this year. R-454B will be used in most equipment manufactured after Dec. 31, 2024. Offering a GWP of 467 compared with R-410A’s GWP of 2,088 (a 78% reduction), R-454B has been selected by most air conditioning and heat pump manufacturers worldwide.   R-454C (AR4 GWP = 148)  R-454C, with a GWP of 148, offers compliance with AIM Act regulations and is suitable for new systems R-454C, with a GWP of 148, offers compliance with AIM Act regulations and is suitable for new systems in applications requiring a GWP of <150. Two examples are small standalone units and larger system architectures with a charge size of >200 lbs. being developed for supermarkets.   For Use in New Equipment Only  R-454A, R-454B, and R-454C are HFO-blend refrigerants and have slightly different R-32 and R-1234yf components percentages. All three are individually optimized for peak performance and carry an A2L mild flammability safety classification. As A2Ls, these refrigerants can only be used in new equipment designed to mitigate leaks and flammability risks and must be installed according to OEM instructions and in compliance with applicable safety standards and building codes.  Easy as A, B, C  In anticipation of AIM Act regulations and the continued adoption of R-454A, R-454B, and R-454C, the HVACR industry has ramped up A2L training and engineering support significantly over the past few years. So, while sorting through the regulatory changes and becoming familiar with the new refrigerant options may seem complex, focusing on these three A2Ls will hopefully make your refrigeration transition, and your business’s future growth as easy as A, B, C.  

I remember Dr. Dave Bowman from Kubrick's "2001: A Space Odyssey" commanding HAL 9000 to open the pod bay doors, and HAL chillingly responds, "I'm sorry, Dave. I'm afraid I can't do that." Fortunately, unlike the fictional HAL," ChatGPT and other GenAI tools remain compliant and helpful, far from refusing commands or leaving us stranded in space. In the rapidly evolving landscape of technology, artificial intelligence (AI) should play a pivotal role in transforming various aspects of our daily lives, using climate tech. One significant domain where AI should make substantial strides is in the realm of smart homes. With the advent of Generative AI (GenAI), the capabilities and possibilities for enhancing smart homes can reach unprecedented levels. New level of personalization Machine learning algorithms can analyze user behavior over time, learning patterns and anticipating needs GenAI brings a new level of personalization to smart homes by understanding and adapting to individual preferences. Machine learning algorithms can analyze user behavior over time, learning patterns and anticipating needs. This allows for the creation of highly personalized automation systems that can adjust lighting, temperature, music, and other home settings based on the occupant's habits and preferences. For example, GenAI can learn when occupants typically wake up and adjust the thermostat and lighting accordingly. It can also integrate with other smart devices to streamline daily routines, such as brewing coffee when it senses the user waking up or adjusting the home security system based on historical usage patterns. Landscape of smart home technology In an era defined by the pressing need to address climate change, one of the most significant contributors to energy consumption is often overlooked—the ubiquitous air conditioner (AC). The key to addressing this issue lies in the synergy of AI and cutting-edge technology. In the ever-evolving landscape of smart home technology, climate tech startups must disrupt the dated and non-smart devices of air conditioners and heat pumps to reduce CO2 emissions and the loads on power grids.  The key to addressing this issue lies in the synergy of AI and cutting-edge technology In mid-January 2024, Sensibo, the pioneering Climate Tech IoT company combining smart heating and cooling devices with a more sustainable world, took a giant leap forward with the integration of an advanced AI Assistant powered by OpenAI's ChatGPT. This innovation represents a significant advancement in Climate Tech IoT, specifically in the realm of smart heating and cooling devices. I’d like to exemplify how Sensibo utilizes Large Language Models (LLMs) to enhance user experiences, conserve energy, and optimize HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning) performance. Understanding the AI Assistant's Capabilities Voice-activated assistants have become a staple in smart homes, and GenAI can significantly enhance their capabilities. Natural Language Processing (NLP) algorithms powered by GenAI enable more nuanced and context-aware interactions. This means users can communicate with their smart homes in a more natural and conversational manner. The integration of GenAI with voice assistants allows for improved comprehension of user commands, pioneering to more accurate responses. Additionally, GenAI can learn from user feedback and adapt over time, making the voice-controlled interface more intuitive and user-friendly. Sensibo AI Assistant Sensibo's AI Assistant is planned to understand complex user bids and hire in telling talks The Sensibo AI Assistant is not just another voice-activated tool. Unlike traditional voice assistants with predefined commands, Sensibo's AI Assistant is designed to understand complex user requests and engage in meaningful conversations. This includes responding to simple commands like "I'm cold" by adjusting the heating to a desired temperature. Moreover, it can handle more intricate tasks, such as creating schedules based on weather forecasts and energy considerations. This functionality not only adds a layer of interactivity but also empowers users to seamlessly integrate AI capabilities into their daily heating and cooling routines. The advanced system goes beyond mere understanding; it empowers the AI Assistant to take direct actions with connected HVAC systems. Integration Timeline: ChatGPT in Sensibo Sensibo raises an enhanced AI assistant, leveraging the capabilities of the ChatGPT The journey began in 2023 when ChatGPT was initially integrated into Sensibo. Initially, the focus was on offering suggested recommendations based on user behavior patterns. This included automated AC schedules tailored to individual preferences and personalized Climate React recommendations.  Building upon this foundation, Sensibo now introduces an enhanced AI assistant, leveraging the capabilities of the ChatGPT Large Language Model. Leveraging AI for Energy Efficiency Traditional heating and cooling devices are notorious for their inefficiency, contributing significantly to global energy consumption and CO2 emissions. OpenAI's innovative technology, driven by the AI Assistant into smart HVAC, aims to revolutionize how users manage their heating and cooling systems. The integration of AI allows users to issue commands to the cloud, which, in turn, controls HVAC devices within their premises. This goes beyond understanding and processing user requests; it translates into taking direct actions that optimize energy consumption. The potential for energy savings is up to 40%, showcasing the transformative impact of AI on AC performance and overall energy bills. The integration of the ChatGPT Large Language Model into AI Assistants marks a significant stride in smart climate technology. The marriage of advanced AI capabilities with climate control systems showcases the potential for sustainable living through energy-efficient HVAC management. As the AI revolution deepens, climate tech companies must embrace these new technologies and research and develop how they can benefit the users and our climate.

Peter Van Den Heede, Head of Sales and Marketing, Benelux, ABB Motion, explains how electrification systems are paving the way for sustainable urban landscapes.  As the fight against climate change intensifies, the European Union has set crystal clear targets on the path to Net Zero. If we are to meet the EU’s ambitious goals of a 55 percent reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by 2030, and complete climate neutrality by 2050, then we need to find ever-smarter ways to save energy.  District heating and cooling (DHC) systems, powered by low-carbon options like, biomass, geothermal energy, and waste heat, have long been recognized as a sustainable solution. However, the real breakthrough in decarbonizing urban heating emerges when district heating integrates with electrification. Indeed, the integration of DHC systems with electricity networks is emerging as a crucial step toward sustainable heating and cooling in urban areas worldwide. Key Technologies For Sustainable Heating Advanced technologies, including large-scale compressors, ultra-low harmonic drive solutions, and optimization software like ABB’s OPTIMAX™, play a pivotal role in managing energy flows and ensuring a balance between supply and demand. There has also been a significant shift toward combined heat and power (CHP) schemes, which are exemplary for their energy efficiency and contribution to grid stability. This article explores in detail the combined potential of electrification and DHCs to deliver significant energy savings, and the key technologies paving the way to sustainable urban heating. The challenges and opportunities of integrating renewables Traditionally, of course, oil and gas were also considered to be a relatively low-cost source of energy In the pursuit of sustainable urban heating, electrification refers to the process of expanding the use of electricity in a manner that prioritizes the planet. This includes the increasing integration of renewable energy sources, rather than traditional fossil fuels, to minimize the environmental impact. Historic resistance to renewable energy for DHCs has largely been driven by an entrenched reliance on fossil fuels and their established, familiar infrastructure. Traditionally, of course, oil and gas were also considered to be a relatively low-cost source of energy. But with rising oil prices making alternative electricity generation more appealing, the landscape is shifting. This shift is particularly significant for heating systems with an electrical component, as they can leverage diverse energy sources, including renewables, which reduces their vulnerability to fluctuations in the price of oil.  And while fossil fuel technologies have long been perceived as more reliable and capable of providing consistent heat compared to renewable sources such as wind and solar – both of which are inherently intermittent – new technologies are unlocking the powerful synergies between DHCs and electrification to improve electrical grid power quality and efficiency, further supporting the case for renewable energy sources. The merits of combined heat and power schemes Combined heat and power (CHP) schemes have gained popularity across Europe as a sustainable heating and cooling solution, primarily due to their enhanced energy efficiency. CHP systems are designed to generate both electricity and useful heat simultaneously from a single energy source, such as natural gas, biomass, or waste heat. This dual production of energy significantly improves overall efficiency compared to separate electricity and heat generation methods, reducing the environmental impact and resource consumption. CHP systems are designed to induce electricity and useful heat simultaneously from a single source Utilizing waste heat that would otherwise be discarded, such as in space or water heating, can help reduce the demand for conventional heating fuels. CHPs maximize the use of available energy, lowering greenhouse gas emissions and increasing sustainability in district heating systems. Additionally, CHPs can be integrated with a variety of renewable energy sources and can contribute significantly to grid stability by switching swiftly between alternative heat sources. But opportunities can also be found right under our feet. Such was the case in Denmark, where an underground water source proved pivotal in supplying carbon-neutral heating to an entire town. Transforming district heating in Broager, Denmark The district heating and cooling facility in Broager faced the challenge of achieving carbon neutrality while efficiently meeting the energy needs of its community of approximately 1,200 people. With the increasing global emphasis on sustainability, there was a need to transition from conventional heating methods to more eco-friendly alternatives. Broager District Heating (BDH) pioneered a sustainable solution by implementing a comprehensive district heating system. The key components of this solution included harnessing solar and geothermal energy and utilizing the local groundwater as a heat source. BDH adopted pioneering edge technologies, such as a first-of-its-kind groundwater heat pump system, a vast solar thermal collector system, and an electrical boiler for heating the cool groundwater. ABB components, including advanced variable speed drives (VSDs) and motors, are playing a crucial role in optimizing the system's performance. Integration of ABB components The intuitive and user-friendly nature of ABB drives facilitated seamless operation and maintenance The geothermal heat pump, a standout feature of the system, extracted thermal energy from underground water, achieving an impressive Coefficient of Performance (COP) of 4, meaning it produced 4 kW of heat for every 1 kW of electricity input. ABB’s drives were employed to regulate motor speeds in the compressors, ensuring energy efficiency and enabling significant energy savings, of up to 60 percent. The intuitive and user-friendly nature of ABB drives facilitated seamless operation and maintenance. Broager District Heating's commitment to sustainable practices resulted in a district heating facility that is almost 100 percent carbon neutral. The integration of ABB components, particularly variable speed drives (VSDs) to regulate compressor motors, contributed to remarkable energy savings and efficiency improvements. VSDs and high-efficiency motors offer next-level power savings Motors used in district energy systems usually run constantly at full speed. To adjust the airflow of a fan or the flow from a pump, operators generally use mechanical methods such as throttling, which is inefficient and energy-wasting. However, adopting VSDs can significantly reduce energy consumption in heat generation since they will adjust the motors’ speed to suit an application’s exact requirements. Depending on the application, VSDs can generally produce energy savings of 20 to 60 percent. Depending on the application, VSDs can generally produce energy savings of 20 to 60 percent Network operators can further reduce energy consumption in heat generation, transmission, and distribution by pairing VSDs with the latest IE4 or IE5 efficiency class motors, instantly reducing a facility’s carbon footprint. In the context of today’s escalating energy costs, return on investment is often realized within a year or less. Ultra-low harmonic (ULH) drives present a further opportunity to improve energy efficiency, by minimizing electrical disturbances and reducing power losses, ensuring a smoother and more efficient conversion of electrical energy into mechanical power. Digitalization for improved reliability District energy systems must demonstrate a consistently high degree of reliability and efficiency. Facility managers are increasingly digitalizing processes with smart sensors and connectivity devices to improve performance. The most advanced drive systems can even automatically detect blockages in air systems, gears needing lubrication, and heat pumps facing bearing failures. Sensors placed throughout the entire DHC system enable proactive maintenance by allowing operators to spot possible issues before they present major problems that could result in unscheduled downtime. ABB’s OPTIMAX™ software platform Ability to monitor and optimize the district heating system in an integrated way across all power streams  The ability to monitor and optimize the district heating system in an integrated manner across all energy streams is where the synergy with the electrical grid really shines, like with ABB’s OPTIMAX™ software platform. It not only ensures that the total carbon emissions and energy costs are significantly reduced, but also that the resilience of both the heating and electrical grid is improved due to the addition of a forecasting and optimal planning step.  This is especially valuable in highly congested areas, where normal operations would more quickly reach their technical limits, pioneering to serious, unplanned downtime. Luckily, these software applications have seen multiple decades of development time and are robust and proven technologies. The future landscape Improving energy efficiency is not a choice. It’s a necessity if we are to combat climate change. Here, the dynamic synergy between DHC systems and electrification emerges as a vital step, creating powerful sustainability opportunities and standing as a pivotal cornerstone in our quest for carbon neutrality. Recent and planned energy projects across Europe underscore the importance of these synergies. For example, in Belgium, the Antwerp 2030 roadmap is utilizing a citywide heat network to annually reduce CO2 emissions by 71,000 tons by 2030. While in Denmark, Aalborg’s ambitious plan for a 176 MW heat pump exemplifies the potential of such pumps in creating a more sustainable urban heating ecosystem. Furthermore, localized heat islands in areas like Kiel, Germany present a tangible vision of the future of DHC based on sustainable heat sources. The smart and powerful mix of high-efficiency components, optimization software, and integrated heat and electric synergies is a winning combination that will undoubtedly accelerate our journey toward a greener future.

SNAP Rule 26 marks an important milestone in the transition from commercial refrigeration to new refrigerants. The rule lists refrigerant substitutes that provide a spectrum of technological solutions to meet required performance, global warming potential (GWP), safety, and environmental standards.  SNAP stands for Significant New Alternatives Policy, a program by the U.S. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) under the Clean Air Act. In general, the program aims to evaluate and regulate substitutes for ozone-depleting substances, considering their overall risks to both human health and the environment. Impact of SNAP Rule 26 Final SNAP Rule 26, Protection of Stratospheric Ozone, lists acceptable substitutes in commercial and industrial refrigeration. SNAP Rule 26 will be effective July 15, 2024. The incorporation by reference of certain material listed in the rule is approved by the Director of the Federal Register as of July 15, 2024. The incorporation by reference of certain material listed in the rule is approved by the Director of the Federal Register “To date, the SNAP program has provided a very effective framework for evaluation and approval in support of innovation and the transition to new technology,” says Andrew Pansulla, Technical Service Engineer, The Chemours Company, a global chemistry company that provides a range of refrigerant products. We asked Pansulla to elaborate further on the impact of SNAP Rule 26 and what lies ahead. Q: How will the Rule’s finalization impact various commercial refrigeration sectors? Pansulla: The rule’s finalization will impact commercial refrigeration in several ways. Areas, where impact will likely be seen, include providing more acceptable refrigerant options, adherence to updated standards, new equipment design standards, and the exemption of propane from the venting prohibition for refrigerated food processing and dispensing equipment. These impacts could trigger changes in operational, manufacturing, and environmental compliance strategies in the commercial refrigeration sectors. SNAP Rule 26 will enable the adoption of the listed substitutes, including Chemours Opteon™ refrigerants, with global warming potential (GWP) lower than existing refrigerants. This rule does not require any changes to existing equipment and will impact only new equipment that uses the specific substances referenced in the SNAP rule. Q: What is the outlook for additional requirements for safe handling and use of alternative refrigerants? What specific safety standards are expected or appropriate? Pansulla: As part of the comparative risk framework used by the EPA to assess new alternatives, the EPA considers and implements use conditions that will ensure the safe use of products. These use conditions rely upon existing safety standards (e.g., UL and ASHRAE) which are available at the time the rule is finalized. In the case of SNAP Rule 26, many of the use conditions require adherence to UL 60335-2-89 and ASHRAE-15-2022. These standards are reviewed and updated periodically to maintain relevance with the products subject to the standards. Q: What are any limitations of the use of A2L refrigerants under SNAP Rule 26? Pansulla: There are two main categories of limitations under SNAP Rule 26. The first, as mentioned above, is the adherence to specific safety standards that apply to refrigerants that are designated as mildly flammable (A2L). The second is based on the GWP of the refrigerant. In the case of the A2L refrigerants subject to SNAP Rule 26, the EPA imposed conditions on the type of equipment and specific circumstances in which the substitute may be used. For example, the EPA is permitting the use of R-454A in supermarket systems, but only on the high side of a cascade system, or when the refrigerant charge capacity is less than 200 pounds. Q: Which new-generation A2L refrigerants are fit for which commercial refrigeration applications? Pansulla: Under SNAP Rule 26, the EPA deems R-1234yf, R-1234ze(E), R-454C, R-455A, R-457A, and R-516A as acceptable subject-to-use conditions for various commercial refrigeration applications. This selection is primarily driven by these refrigerants having GWPs under 150. However, certain applications necessitate refrigerants with higher GWPs due to unique performance characteristics. For example, R-454B and R-32 were listed for industrial process refrigeration with exiting fluid temperatures below minus 30 degree Celsius because these two specific refrigerants have lower boiling points than the other six less-than-150-GWP alternatives. However, it is critically important to consider the additional use conditions when designing equipment with refrigerants that have a GWP greater than 150. Q: So various equipment needs different refrigerants? Pansulla: The EPA purposefully lists several different refrigerants in each application to allow for equipment manufacturers to consider a variety of different factors that go into refrigerant selection, such as energy efficiency, capacity, normal boiling point, temperature glide, cost, safety, and use conditions. There is no one-size-fits-all solution for the entire commercial refrigeration industry. Q: How can commercial refrigeration businesses achieve a smooth transition to A2Ls? Pansulla: Keys to a smooth transition to A2Ls include understanding what refrigerants the EPA has approved as acceptable substitutes under the SNAP program, the sector-based GWP limits imposed by the Technology Transitions Program under the American Innovation and Manufacturing (AIM) Act, and which refrigerants provide the best combination of technical performance and environmental characteristics. Many resources are available to navigate the regulatory landscape and select the best low-GWP refrigerants to meet the needs of this industry. Working with companies like Chemours, who has nearly a century of refrigerant innovation and experience, is a great first step in the transition process. Q: What is the “staying power” of A2Ls — based on their chemistry, sustainability, and other attributes, combined with regulations such as SNAP Rule 26? Pansulla: The identification, selection, and development of new refrigerants that deliver required performance while meeting increasingly stringent environmental standards is a challenging process. With the identification of certain hydrofluoroolefin-based (HFO) refrigerants as an alternative to meet these criteria came a new safety classification. These HFO-based refrigerants are classified as A2Ls. While slightly more flammable than existing hydrofluorocarbon-base (HFC) refrigerants, HFOs are much less flammable than hydrocarbons, which are classified as A3 (two categories higher on the ASHRAE flammability spectrum). Moreover, such refrigerants offer an excellent alternative to substances with higher toxicity, such as R-717. The listing of A2L refrigerants in SNAP Rule 26 clearly indicates that such refrigerants can be used safely in commercial refrigeration as well as many other applications, which are subject to the SNAP Program, when adhering to the applicable safety standards.

It takes a proliferation of data centers to serve the growing computing needs of the Internet, and all those servers churning away create plenty of heat. Might some of that heat be harnessed and used for residential or commercial heating? The emergence of district heating systems, which provide thermal energy to multiple buildings from a single source, demonstrates the approach has broad possibilities. Air-cooled chillers and air-handling units used to cool data centers are like the technologies that cool residences and businesses. They just operate on a larger scale and require a higher degree of resilience and redundancy to ensure data center servers operate without interruption. District heating system The law of physics dictates that the energy you put into a data server will come out as heat, and heat is a byproduct of data center cooling systems. Rather than exhaust that heat into the outside environment, how can it be captured and channeled into a district heating system to heat water and/or to provide warmth to homes and businesses in the same neighborhood as the data center? Law of physics dictates that the energy you put into a data server will come out as heat  Mitsubishi Electric designs engineered solutions that both cool data centers and generate heat output that can be captured for district heating applications. “We want to capture the heat and repurpose it for someone else to use,” says Simon Prichard, Product Strategy Manager for Engineered Solutions for Mitsubishi Electric. Reusing wasted heat from data centers can help to decarbonize heating. United Kingdom's Energy Act 2023 An additional heat pump can be used to increase the “low-grade heat” generated by a data center to the temperature needed for district heating. Alternatively, district heating systems might be upgraded to accommodate the lower-temperature heat from data centers. Additional heat pump can be used to increase the “low-grade heat” generated by a data center. The United Kingdom and other governments globally are promoting the creation of district heating networks. Legislation such as the United Kingdom's Energy Act 2023 identifies areas within England where certain new and existing buildings will be required to connect into district heating networks. Legislation is pushing developers toward district heating and away from the use of fossil fuels. District heating applications Water cooling is a developing technology for data centers, which mostly use air-cooling systems In November 2023, the UK government awarded £36 million to a district heating system in West London that will share data center waste heat with up to 10,000 new homes. Hot air from a data center can provide some of the energy needed for a district heating system, and water-cooling systems can provide even more. Water cooling is a developing technology for data centers, which mostly use air cooling systems. Cooperation is needed to realize the scenario of capturing the heat from data centers for district heating applications. Government legislation can drive requirements to embrace the approach, but the multiple involved parties, including data center operators and the architects and engineers creating nearby communities, must also cooperate. Greater ESG goals Energy must be reused in the geographic area immediately surrounding the data center for the scenario to be financially viable. In an industrial estate, for example, the excess heat could be used for nearby farming; the reuse is not restricted to domestic or residential applications. The various parties tend to be “siloed,” so a concerted effort of “joined-up thinking” is needed to bring all the parties to the table to enable such a system. Construction of new data centers is accelerating, and the centers are getting larger. Construction of new data centers is accelerating, and the centers are getting larger. Currently, 4 or 5% of total electricity output is used by data centers, and ways to reuse that energy are a growing priority for ethical companies in the data center market. Large companies that use data centers are drawn to the district heating scenario to achieve greater ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) goals. Moving forward, it behooves everyone to think of data centers as not just generating data but as energy centers generating sustainable energy. Mitsubishi Electric’s products MEWALL mixes high version with energy efficiency, space optimization, and cost-effectiveness “We live in a connected world, and we need data centers,” says Prichard. “The world won’t work without them, but many people don’t know what a data center is and how much we rely on them. Society doesn’t realize how embedded they are.” Among Mitsubishi Electric’s products for the data center market is the MEWALL air handling unit, a “wall” of fans with built-in controls, valves, and filters that are mounted alongside a suite of data servers. MEWALL combines high performance with energy efficiency, space optimization, and cost-effectiveness. Water circulates inside the fans, using cold water produced by a chiller. View of the MEWALL system Smaller data center needs can be addressed using technology such as Mitsubishi Electric’s indoor s-MEXT high-precision air conditioner connected to a Mr. Slim R32 Power Inverter outdoor unit. The indoor unit is customized to the client’s requirements for use in a data center.  At the Data Center World trade show in London in March, Mitsubishi Electric used virtual reality (VR) to provide attendees with a simulated view of the MEWALL system. Given the dimensions of 4 by 2.3 meters, transporting the system to the show presented prohibitive cost and logistical challenges.

Revised building codes, based on model “I-Codes” developed by the International Code Council (ICC), are being widely adopted to allow A2L refrigerants to be used in comfort air conditioning applications. Previously, the use of A2L refrigerants, which are “mildly flammable,” was not allowed by building codes in force in 2021 and before because of safety concerns.   benefits of A2Ls However, the benefits of using A2Ls instead of refrigerants with higher global warming potential (GWP) have led to their acceptance as a replacement for hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) in air conditioning applications. In response to the greater acceptance, driven by EPA refrigerant cutbacks, ICC has revised their building codes to permit the use of A2Ls, and local jurisdictions are in the process of adopting the revised building codes.  2024 I-Code changes Approved code changes in the 2024 IBC, IFC, and IMC allow commercial and residential use of A2L refrigerants The 2024 I-Code changes facilitate compliance with new refrigerant requirements and support producers and refrigerant appliance manufacturers already transitioning to lower-GWP solutions such as A2Ls.  Approved code changes in the 2024 International Building Code (IBC), International Fire Code (IFC), and International Mechanical Code (IMC) allow commercial and residential use of A2L refrigerants to replace refrigerants. The use of A2L impacts all three intertwined sets of building codes, which have been undergoing the three-year amendment process since 2021.  model codes and standards The International Code Council is a global source of model codes and standards and building safety solutions that include product evaluation, accreditation, technology, training, and certification.  ICC is working with the Air-Conditioning, Heating, and Refrigeration Institute (AHRI) to partner with the construction industry and to facilitate legislation to navigate this positive change.  The IBC, IMC, and IFC code revisions, all managed by ICC, have been approved; two finalized codes were published earlier in 2023 and the third is being released in November 2023. Building, mechanical, and Fire codes Building code revisions align with established safety standards regarding handling of A2L refrigerants The Building and Fire codes cover storage of A2Ls in a warehouse, while the Mechanical code covers requirements for installing equipment that uses A2Ls.   Building code revisions align with established safety standards regarding handling of A2L refrigerants, including ASHRAE 15 (Safety Standard for Refrigeration Systems), UL 484 (Room Air Conditioners), UL/CSA 60335-2-40 (refrigerant detector requirements) and UL/CSA 60335-2-89 (enabling higher charge limits for flammable refrigerants).   requirements of ASHRAE 15 In buildings where HVAC machinery is installed, the code changes reflect requirements of ASHRAE 15, such as no equipment with open flames, elevated temperature limits in a room, and refrigerant detection requirements that trigger a mechanical ventilation system in case of a leak. Any piping that carries A2L must be labeled as flammable with a warning. Condensers and evaporators will need to carry the familiar triangular flammability labels and “risk of fire explosion” verbiage, all consistent with the ASHRAE 15 standard.   Diamond-shaped labeling An interlock requirement ensures ventilation processes are implemented in case “Diamond-shaped labeling must be displayed on packaging, storage, and containers so that anyone coming into a room knows there is flammable refrigerant there,” says Jim Cika, a director of technical resources for the International Code Council.   The codes cover safety requirements such as leak detection, ventilation requirements, and “flammable” labeling. An interlock requirement ensures ventilation processes are implemented in case of a detected leak of A2L gas.  storage and warehousing “The biggest concern is proper storage and warehousing,” says Jim Cika. “Due to flammability, there are significant additional storage requirements compared to HFC. Distributors have to be prepared with appropriate space and labeling requirements, especially when the materials are being stored in bulk and large quantities.”  A2L code provisions The code changes are required to enable builders to transition to A2L refrigerants ICC has created a website that provides relevant A2L code provisions including documents with specific wording related to code changes. Some states adopt the codes state-wide, while other “home-rule” states leave the adoption of the codes to the individual local jurisdictions. The code changes are required to enable builders to transition to A2L refrigerants.   new codes ICC has been publicizing the code changes with the help of a grassroots effort with AHRI. “We have put our code provisions out there so everybody knows what they need to be concerned about and to be ready for inspection,” says Cika. The new codes are coordinated with the EPA and the requirements of the SNAP programs. “We are all on the same page,” he says.  installation of new equipment After 2025, new equipment will no longer use HFCs but will need to use A2Ls or another low-GWP refrigerant Up to 25 lbs. of A2L refrigerant can be transported without any hazardous material restrictions; in effect, installers and contractors can transport A2L just as they did HFC.  Transitioning to A2L refrigerants involves the installation of new equipment since the legacy equipment that uses HFCs is not compatible with the new refrigerants. After 2025, new equipment will no longer use HFCs but will need to use A2Ls or another low-GWP refrigerant. transition to A2Ls Technicians will still be able to service and maintain existing equipment installed in the field for the rest of its useful life. With equipment using both types of refrigerant operating among various customers, technicians will need to be able to work on either type of system during the transition period.  Phased down and limited supplies of HFCs, as ordained by EPA regulations, will likely push installers and their customers to the newer technologies using A2Ls. 

To offset the cost of tenants’ monthly electric bills and provide prospective residents with high-quality HVAC upgrades that prioritize comfort and performance, Samuels Associates, owner of the Fenway Triangle luxury apartments, sought a new, building-wide heating solution that was not only cost-effective but also added a modern touch to the building’s extravagance. QMark® MUH-Pro+ and CU900 electric heaters with SmartSeries® Plus (SSP) digital BACnet thermostats from Goodyear HVAC Sales proved to be the ideal solution. Heat in a contemporary design “From their energy efficiency, quiet operation and low maintenance to the fact that they can be controlled individually for personalized comfort, electric heaters offer several benefits in apartment buildings,” explained Andrew Martin, Manager of Product Management with Marley Engineered Products® (MEP). “Delivering supplemental comfort heat in a contemporary design, these heaters are ideal for a variety of spaces including school hallways, church vestibules, transportation terminals, stairwells, entrances, lobbies, mechanical rooms and more.”  Installing Heaters while Maintaining esthetics Buildings boast modern frills and discreet and esthetically good HVAC plans that act quietly Steps away from the iconic Fenway Park, the Fenway Triangle is an 891,000-square-foot complex comprising more than 570 luxury apartment units, as well as an eclectic mix of national and local retailers, restaurants, shops and green spaces. Since opening in 2006, the building needed to address issues with its HVAC systems and controls, which were leading to high monthly electric bills. The culprit? More than 50 outdated competitor electric terminal heaters, which offered only on/off controls and needed to be operated manually. If the maintenance team forgot to shut off the heaters, "The Fenway" would incur the cost of each heater running at full capacity at a rate of about 27 cents per kilowatt-hour. Another challenge facing Fenway Triangle: The emergence of new luxury apartment complexes. These buildings boast modern amenities and discreet and esthetically pleasing HVAC systems that operate quietly. They pose significant competition for “The Fenway”, as tenants increasingly prioritize indoor air quality (IAQ) and HVAC performance when selecting their luxury residences. To remain competitive in the luxury apartment market, investing in HVAC upgrades to replace outdated equipment is imperative. QMark MUH-Pro+ and CU900 electric heaters  Heaters were installed in elevator banks, stairwells, worker lounges, hallways, and facility To combat the rising cost of heating each unit within the building, MEP’s local Sales Representative, Goodyear HVAC Sales, worked with HVAC distributor Equipment Direct Sales, Inc. (EDSI) to provide the client with energy-efficient QMark MUH-Pro+ and CU900 electric heaters from Marley Engineered Products. Designed to maintain occupant comfort and a comfortable environment, the heaters were installed in various elevator banks, stairwells, employee lounges, hallways and inside the building’s recently upgraded building management system (BMS) room.  “Equipped with SSP digital thermostats that provide connections to BACnet MS/TP BMS for easy control and monitoring, the MUH-Pro+ and CU900 units only run when directed by the internal schedule of the BMS,” said Matthew Goodrich, President of Goodyear HVAC Sales. “Use of the BMS saves time and reduces personnel costs by eliminating the need to travel to the heater site. And, if a BMS is not available, the maintenance team can simply use the built in seven-day programmable scheduling feature.”  New electric heating units Cost-Effective Heat for Unmatched Comfort and Lower Monthly Bills In tandem with EDSI, Goodrich and his team installed several brand-new electric heating units in The Fenway’s BMS room to provide cost-effective warmth without taking up floor space or creating a tripping hazard.  “Innovation and collaboration converged as we tailored a custom heating solution, seamlessly blending functionality and aesthetics,” explained Goodrich. “In fabricating this solution for the client, our dedicated team and the coordination of skilled contractors transformed this building into a space that harmonizes comfort and elegance and exemplifies the blending of form and function.”  Full control of the entire heating system The thermostats include features that allow the building’s maintenance team to monitor each heater The success of the project resulted in an extremely satisfied customer. Already, the SSP thermostats have provided cost savings by turning on the heaters only when needed, resulting in less electricity usage throughout The Fenway. Additionally, the thermostats include features that allow the building’s maintenance team to monitor each heater individually from within the BMS room, granting them full control of the entire heating system and eliminating the daily trips previously needed to turn each heater on and off.  “We’re already seeing the savings associated with the upgraded controls,” said John Belmonte, Head of Trilogy Operations for the Fenway Triangle. “Being able to control over 40 heaters locally allows our team to focus on tenant needs without being bogged down by the time it takes to touch each individual unit. We’re eager to work further with the Goodyear team on other buildings in the neighborhood.” Innovative approach and exceptional achievements To acknowledge the innovative approach and exceptional achievements demonstrated by the Goodyear team in overcoming the challenges faced during this project, Marley Engineered Products awarded Goodrich the 2024 Jim Herring Memorial Silver Fox Award at its recent national sales meeting. “This award for excellence in solution design embodies the spirit of Herring, who left a lasting legacy of designing creative solutions for specialized applications, was always up for a challenge and most happy when solving a unique heating or ventilation problem,” said Sean Pesce, Director of Sales for Marley Engineered Products. “Matthew and his team at Goodyear perfectly captured Jim’s talent for finding creative solutions to the most complex issues and left a lasting impression on the client.”

Kepier School's phased transition to low-carbon CIAT heating technologies has delivered generous energy savings within a year of installation. CIAT worked with partners to initiate the school’s journey to net zero in 2022, returning to measure performance and optimize the system. CIAT is a part of Carrier Global Corporation, a global pioneer in intelligent climate and energy solutions. New high-efficiency heat emitters CIAT worked with BREng Hull Ltd, AA Projects, Quora Group, and Cool Designs Ltd to create a phased decarbonization plan for Kepier School in Northeast England, aided by the Condition Improvement Fund (CIF). Recognizing the challenges faced by many schools, Oliver Sanders, Carrier Commercial HVAC Director, United Kingdom, and Ireland, said, "For schools with new gas boilers aiming to reach net zero, it's most cost-effective to integrate them into a modernized heating infrastructure, ready for the next transition phase to heat pumps when the boilers reach end-of-life." Project featured a heating audit The project involved a heating audit identifying the need for new high-efficiency heat emitters The project involved a heating audit identifying the need for new high-efficiency heat emitters. Conventional radiators were replaced with seven surface-mounted high-level CIAT MajorLine and 31 CIAT COADIS fan coil units (FCUs). The seven gas boilers installed in 2019 were integrated into the new system's infrastructure, enabling them to be replaced as required to improve system efficiency and cost savings. Sizeable energy savings A subsequent review revealed sizeable energy savings. Gas usage was compared before and after the pandemic to avoid skewed data due to COVID-19 school closures. Findings revealed an 8.6% reduction of 2,824 m3 (~31,446.41 kWhr) from March 2022 to March 2023 compared to the period from March 2019 to March 2020. This achievement reduced the school’s carbon footprint and resulted in an 8% annual cost saving of ~£800 (average based on gas price fluctuations between March 2019-2020 and March 2022-2023). CIAT project partners BREng Hull  CIAT project partners BREng Hull and installer Quora Group returned to the school to optimize system operating gains Following commission, CIAT project partners BREng Hull and installer Quora Group returned to the school to optimize system operating gains.  "The process doesn’t stop once a solution has been designed, installed, and commissioned," said Rob Smelt, Managing Director of BREng Hull, adding "Experience shows that there are often significant additional gains to be made by optimizing the system in light of its real-world operation." The inspection revealed that some areas were imbalanced while others operated at sub-optimal temperatures. These issues were addressed to improve occupant comfort and reduce energy use and running costs. Carrier’s 2030 ESG Goal "The comfort level has improved significantly," said Brian Dixon, Kepier School Estates Manager, adding "We already gained control over specific rooms and areas, as opposed to the old ‘on or off’ heating system, and the latest work seems to have improved things even more. Future phases in our decarbonization plan will yield even greater energy and cost savings for the school." BREng Hull worked closely with equipment supplier Cool Designs Ltd during the scoping and specification stages, supported by CIAT application specialists. Projects like these contribute to Carrier’s 2030 Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) Goal of reducing its customers’ carbon footprint by more than one gigaton.

When the Florida Keys Aqueduct Authority opens its upgraded desalination plant on Stock Island, Danfoss high-pressure pumps and energy recovery devices will radically improve the energy efficiency of a SWRO plant that plays a central role in the Florida Keys water supply strategy.   The Florida Keys Aqueduct Authority (FKAA) supplies 20 million gallons of potable water per day (75.7k m3/d) to its nearly 80,000 customers in the Florida Keys. While most of the water is normally sourced in aquifers, FKAA also operates two seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) plants for emergency purposes and as a supplemental supply in periods of high demand. FKAA initiated the SWRO plant upgrade FKAA initiated the upgrade of one of these plants, the Kermit H. Lewin Water Treatment Plant located on Stock Island, to increase its capacity, make it more resilient to hurricanes and rising flood levels, and improve its energy efficiency. Since opening in 1980, not only have guidelines for storm protection of such critical infrastructure changed significantly, so has the potential to save on the energy required by desalination. Designed to withstand future floods and hurricanes With sustained winds above 157 mph, such storms can cause severe damage to everything in their path To improve resiliency to extreme weather events in the low-lying Florida Keys, the entire site and facility have now been upgraded to withstand Category 5 hurricanes, the most dangerous level of tropical storms. With sustained winds above 157 mph (252 kph), such storms can cause severe damage to everything in their path. Accordingly, the refurbished facility lifts all electrical and mechanical equipment above the base flood elevation and the expected sea-level rise anticipated by 2060, effectively placing the plant’s desalination operations on stilts to mitigate the risk of severe flooding. improve the plant’s energy efficiency Another key goal of the upgrade was to improve the plant’s energy efficiency at the same time as doubling its production capacity from 2 MGD (7,500 m3/d) to 4 MGD (15,000 m3/d). To bring the refurbished plant up to date and reduce its financial and environmental costs, Carollo, a major U.S. engineering firm specializing in water and wastewater facilities, specified the latest axial-piston high-pressure pumps to replace legacy centrifugal pumps and swapped out old turbines for the newest active isobaric energy recovery technology. Upgraded plant to consist of four RO trains This innovative high-pressure setup dramatically reduces the plant’s energy needs This innovative high-pressure setup dramatically reduces the plant’s energy needs. In the new Kermit H. Lewin Water Treatment Plant being built by Biwater, a world pioneer in water treatment, the RO process-specific energy consumption will be slashed from 25.6 kW/kgal (6.77 kWh/m3) to 8.6 kW/kgal (2.27 kWh/m3). With this improvement, the new plant will be among the most energy-efficient in its class, with significantly reduced electricity bills and greenhouse gas emissions. The upgraded plant will consist of four RO trains, each of which includes two Danfoss APP 86 high-pressure pumps and three Danfoss iSave 70 ERDs. Improvement in energy efficiency In addition to the dramatic improvement in energy efficiency, configuring each train with parallel high-pressure pumps provides additional resilience and other benefits: the smaller pumps are easier to lift and work on, and it is now affordable to keep a spare pump in stock. The new improved plant will come online in Q4 2024. The new Kermit H. Lewin Water Treatment Plant is located just north of the existing plant. Construction began in Q3 2021 and will be completed by Q2 2024. The plant is expected to be fully operational by Q4 2024.

Shadow Industrial (SI), one of the UK’s pioneering infrared heating specialists, has been chosen to refit the heating systems at the London Boroughs of Camden and Islington’s jointly-owned Hornsey Street Refuse & Recycling Center. The decision to use SI’s cutting-edge heaters was made on the recommendation of M&E contractor, Vitalenergi London, which was appointed to update the site’s HVAC. Operational Emissions By 2030 Replacing the building’s 300 m2 existing AmbiRad fan heater system, at just over £25,000, the project will see Shadow Industrial fit 35 of its zero-emission, high-performance heaters across the entire facility. This comes in at a far lower cost, often a 50-75% saving, and increased efficiency than many other alternative electric heating systems. The project will see Shadow Industrial fit 35 of its zero-emission, high-performance heaters Predicted to reduce energy consumption by 80%, this represents a landmark moment for shortwave infrared in industrial settings. Not only that, the replacement of existing heating systems with a low-cost, more sustainable alternative perfectly aligns with both Camden and Islington Council’s Climate Action Plans which seek to achieve Net Zero operational emissions by 2030. Shadow Industrial’s Technology As Graham Hughes from Islington Council says, “When Vitalenergi first introduced us to Shadow Industrial’s technology we were very impressed, particularly by its capabilities and relatively low operational costs." "It’s going to make a massive contribution to our efforts, alongside Camden Council to reduce emissions. We’ll also be able to approach our heating strategy in a far more diverse way, keeping costs down and passing those savings onto taxpayers.” The Heat Is On The technology works by emitting focused radiant heat through precisely-configured reflectors Not only will Shadow Industrial’s heating systems shrink the center’s carbon footprint, but they will also improve energy efficiency. This is predominantly due to the way shortwave infrared works, in contrast to traditional electric and gas-powered central heating. The technology works by emitting focused radiant heat through precisely-configured reflectors. Essentially it heats the person, not the air around them, significantly reducing the amount of heat lost to the atmosphere. This comes into its own in large-span, high-ceilinged structures that experience heavy traffic constantly entering in and out, pioneering to a consistent draft. Wall-mounted or ceiling-hung, directed downwards at individuals, the energy creates a comfortable and instant warmth reminiscent of the gentle heat of the sun. In Control Plug-and-play these light heaters are easy to install and operate, compared to formal systems Plug-and-play these lightweight heaters are easy to install and operate, compared to traditional systems. It’s helping to get a practical and scalable heating network up and running within an industrial facility quickly, with minimal disruption to day-to-day operations. Even better, unlike most gas and electric systems, these heaters can be turned on and off on demand as and when personnel are working in specific areas across the site. The instantaneousness of the heat emitted means it can deliver maximum effectiveness at the click of a switch, and extinguish at the same rate. This means no part of the build is heated unnecessarily. Shadow Industrial’s Heaters As Luke Chappell, Vitalenergi’s lead design engineer (mechanical) on the project says, “Shortwave infrared’s set to be a serious market disruptor in the industrial heating market. It’s a game-changer for local authority and public sector projects, which are both subject to strict sustainability briefs and budgetary constraints." "We cannot wait to see the positive impact Shadow Industrial’s heaters will have on those working within, and managing, the Hornsey Street Refuse & Recycling Center. The Shadow Industrial team has been amazing throughout the process and we looking forward to partnering again on future projects.” Installation of Shadow Industrial’s new system was completed at the start of Q2 2024.

St. Paul Catholic Church in Valparaiso, Ind., took a significant step towards heating modernization by installing three state-of-the-art Weil-McLain Stainless Steel Vertical (SVF) 725 boiler units. G.L. Jorgensen Heating & Cooling, the installation contractor, played a pivotal role in the hydronic heating replacement project. St. Paul Catholic Church, spanning roughly 18,000 square feet with seating for 950 parishioners, sought a heating solution that not only accommodated the current space but also had the capacity for future expansions, including the installation of a storage tank hot water heater. The challenge for Father Douglas Mayer of St. Paul was to balance efficiency, comfort and the unique requirements of the church, particularly regarding humidity control for three pipe organs. The primary pipe organ resides in the main church, while two antique wood organs grace a secondary chapel and choir room. Weil-McLain SVF boilers SVF boiler units were installed in October 2023 and set as modulating, allowing for load control The three existing boilers had reached the end of their service life and required ongoing maintenance, prompting the church to seek a high-efficiency upgrade. Gary Jorgensen Jr. of Valparaiso-based G.L. Jorgensen Heating & Cooling recommended the Weil-McLain SVF boilers, emphasizing their capacity to handle the load, improve occupancy comfort, decrease energy costs and maintain ideal humidity conditions for the delicate wood organs. The Weil-McLain SVF boiler line, ranging from 500 to 3000 MBH models, boasts industry-pioneering thermal efficiency of up to 98%. The SVF boiler units were installed in October 2023 and setup as modulating, allowing for seamless load management and turndown capabilities. This feature is designed to adapt to varying occupancy levels, transitioning from periods when the building is unoccupied, and ramping up for church events when the chapel is full. This method is also designed to minimize wear and tear on the system, ensuring long-term performance and reliability. Installation Challenges and Efficiencies The installation process faced challenges, particularly due to a narrow staircase pioneering to the boiler room. However, the compact design of the SVF units facilitated easy transportation and positioning, overcoming accessibility issues. “The slim design of the SVF boilers helped us more easily maneuver up the four-foot stairway that led to the boiler room where the units were installed,” said Jorgensen. An auto lift and a battery-powered stairlift were ingeniously employed to navigate the narrow pathway, ensuring a smooth installation. “The confined access to our second-floor utility room demanded a unit that was both compact and maneuverable, and I must say, I was thoroughly impressed by the installation team at G.L. Jorgensen and the seamless installation of these units in such a constrained environment,” remarked Mayer. Unity™ 2 and Nuro® control systems Incorporation of Unity™ 2 and Nuro® control systems enhances the overall functionality and contact During the installation process, Jorgensen Jr. was particularly struck by the user-friendly interface of the SVF boiler system. Despite it being their first SVF installation, the team found the system remarkably intuitive, as Jorgensen himself attested: “The SVF touchscreen makes setup and installation of the system very simple.” This sentiment underscores the versatility and efficiency of the SVF line, which boasts features such as a stainless-steel vertical fire tube and shell heat exchanger, alongside intuitive controls and time-saving installation attributes. Furthermore, the incorporation of Unity™ 2 and Nuro® control systems enhances the overall functionality and communication capabilities across Weil-McLain’s high-efficiency boiler line. Energy Savings Abound The project has yielded remarkable benefits thus far. Following a complete heating season, Father Mayer has already begun to observe notable energy savings. “We’ve seen remarkable utility cost savings since implementing these Weil-McLain units, pioneering to substantial reductions in our energy expenses,” said Mayer. “It’s been truly gratifying to witness thousands of therms saved compared to previous heating seasons, reaffirming the efficiency and impact of our decision.” The installation of Weil-McLain SVF 725 boilers at St. Paul Catholic Church not only addressed the immediate heating needs of the church but also positioned them for future hot water requirements. St. Paul is experiencing improved energy efficiency, reduced operational costs, and enhanced comfort for its community members. “These units have proven their dependability, ensuring that the church remains comfortable for me and all its occupants, especially during our Sunday services,” added Mayer. “We are quite pleased with the results from these high-efficiency units.”

With nearly nine out of ten new school sites above the World Health Organization (WHO) targets on major air pollutants, Elta is urging decision makers for schools’ building services to address the problem through a ‘three-step’ process to ventilation specification and maintenance. The callout follows a study led by researchers from Evelina London Children’s Hospital and King’s College London (KCL). Following their analysis of 147 new school locations around England that were to be built between 2017 and 2025, the researchers found that 86% of those sites exceeded air quality targets. Those targets are for particulate matter PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 (Nitrogen Dioxide), pioneering to the conclusion that air quality around new schools is “alarmingly poor”. Three steps to prevent poor air  With emerging studies also showing that poor air quality leads to lowered cognitive growth With emerging studies also showing that poor air quality leads to lowered cognitive growth, Elta, UK’s pioneering experts in ventilation equipment, outlines three measures to tackle the problem. The three steps are aimed at preventing poor air from entering the school building and classrooms, including: Installing air monitoring equipment in schools to identify concentrations of particulate matter, nitrogen dioxide, and other contributors to poor air quality Using correctly specified mechanical ventilation systems to process and filter air of harmful particulate matter and substances, to bring indoor air quality to a safe level Having a robust maintenance schedule in place to clean ventilation equipment on a regular basis Decision-makers for building services David Millward, Group Product Manager at Elta Group, the parent company of Elta, said: “This latest study by Evelina London Children’s Hospital and King’s College London is a harsh wake-up call to everybody in the country and is a reminder that poor air quality has a real detrimental effect on children. Not only is it harmful from a health perspective, putting pupils with respiratory conditions like asthma at higher risk, but poor air also impairs children’s learning and ability to concentrate. “While outdoor air is hard to regulate, there are some immediate steps that decision-makers for building services can take to improve indoor air quality in schools. Through three simple steps of air quality monitoring, correct specification of mechanical ventilation systems, and regular maintenance of these systems, we can at least prevent poor air from making its way into the classroom.” Framework for ventilation Framework for ventilation in schools and recommended performance levels to comply with UK regulations David highlights that ‘Approved Document F – Ventilation – Volume 2’ of the Building Regulations gives guidance about air quality monitoring requirements in buildings other than dwellings.  Meanwhile, ventilation decision-makers for schools should follow the guidance given in the UK Government’s Building Bulletin, BB 101, to understand the framework for ventilation in schools and recommended performance levels to comply with UK regulations. David also urges those in charge of building services for schools to collaborate with ventilation experts to ensure best practices and compliance is achieved. Effects of poor air quality David concluded: “With better collaboration across the supply chain, we can protect the next generation from the effects of poor air quality, and improve indoor air quality across new schools, as well as old." "At Elta, our ventilation experts are always available to help provide guidance and help design ventilation systems, either for newly built schools or for retrofitting to existing school stock.”

The HVAC market is a rapidly changing environment on a variety of fronts, from the introduction of new refrigerants to the increasing use of artificial intelligence to the embrace of interconnected systems in the Internet of Things (IoT) environment. We asked our Expert Panel Roundtable: How will the HVAC market change in the next five years?

Multiple components work together to make an HVAC system run smoothly and efficiently. One of the newer components in today’s systems is data, whether it is information about historic performance trends or the weather outside. A variety of sensors work together to provide data that can be crunched by various algorithms to provide useful information to system installers and end-users, and to help systems run better and longer. We asked our Expert Panel Roundtable: How can data analytics be used to enhance HVAC solutions?

For schools, improving indoor air quality (IAQ) is a basic function of HVAC systems, which also ensures a high comfort level for students, teachers and staff. Schools can be a lucrative market for HVAC systems, but there are challenges, such as long sales cycles and the lingering impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. We asked our Expert Panel Roundtable: What are the challenges for HVAC in serving the education/schools market?